The natural villages in the traditional countryside are disappearing rapidly. However, in the process of modernization, on the one hand, it is necessary to promote the process of urbanization, on the other hand, it is necessary to explore how to protect the ancient houses and promote the healthy and orderly inheritance of architectural heritage, which has become a problem that needs to be considered.
"The protection of ancient dwellings requires not only the use of high-tech means, but also the implementation of living protection." Ruan Yi, an expert in the protection of ancient buildings and a professor of the school of urban planning and architecture of Tongji University, said at the Symposium on cultural heritage and living protection of ancient houses held in wendaoyuan, Shanghai, three days ago that a relatively stable storage environment should also be provided for the raw materials of ancient houses that have not yet been restored.
Ju Ping, a special researcher at the National Research Center for historical and cultural cities of Tongji University, said that ancient houses are traditional houses of Chinese people, which embody unique Chinese culture and contain a high level of culture and art. The ancient residence embodies the Chinese way of life and interpersonal communication, and presents the beauty of China in a unique way. Therefore, retaining the ancient houses is also the root of Chinese culture.
Ruan Yisan believes that the highest level of old house collection and protection is to pay attention to authenticity, integrity, readability, sustainability and uniqueness. He confessed that it was really necessary to dismantle it. It could be protected in a different place. He took time to dismantle it and numbered every tile and brick. Zhu Junbo, a collection expert, said that collecting and protecting in different places is not the best way, but it is also a compromise way compared with "destroying".
"The original intention of collecting ancient houses is not only from the love of Huizhou style ancient buildings, but also from the pain of the present situation of the old houses floating and withering." Talking about the practice of repairing ancient houses, Wang Wei, founder of wendaoyuan, said that there are a large number of ancient houses in Anhui countryside, but the cost of repairing an ancient house with a small scale in the countryside can't be borne by the annual income of the local people, so some ancient houses are affected by damp, mildew or collapse. In order to preserve these ancient houses as much as possible, Wang Wei spent a lot of money to collect the "rotten wood" in the eyes of others.
Wang Wei told reporters that many ancient dwellings had been dilapidated and even collapsed when they were collected. Many ancient dwellings have been eaten by termites or eroded by wind and rain, causing serious damage. Some of them only have major components. In Wang Wei's view, every ancient house is a non renewable wealth, not only recording the historical changes, but also full of the value of cultural heritage. Wang Wei transported all the "wastes" in the eyes of the local people to Shanghai without landing, or repaired and rebuilt them according to their original appearance, or temporarily preserved them after anti-corrosion and mothproofing treatment, and restored them one by one.
Today's Wendao garden has become a model for the protection of ancient buildings in different places, in which dozens of ancient Huizhou old houses, ancient bridges, ancient pavilions and theatres stand in a staggered way In the courtyard, old objects such as plaques and furniture are hung and placed in the room. Yongji bridge in the ninth year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty, Zhuangyuan building in the eighth year of Daoguang, and carved building in the reign of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty It's well preserved here. Wang Wei told reporters that at present, there are still more than 100 ancient houses in the garden, including the great Fu Di of the Ming Dynasty, the Jin Si Nan Mu Imperial Academy of the Ming Dynasty, the great ancestral hall of the Qing Dynasty, etc., whose raw materials are still waiting to be built.
"Some of these houses will become academies of painting and some will become master studios." Wang Wei said that the reborn ancient dwellings are best protected in the use of modern people. When it comes to the future, Wang Wei looks forward to the gradual restoration of an ancient residential building and the restoration of the ancient architectural art.